Mapping Research Core Dataset (KDSF Basic Data) with the CERIF Data Model version 1.6 (Basic Elements, Result Elements, and Infrastructure Elements)
Please click here for a detailed introduction into the KDSF and CERIF data models and their mapping [in German].
Higher education institutions and non-university research institutions in many science systems make use of research information systems (RIS) to process and report on information about their staff, projects, publications or patents (so-called research information). National and international exchange formats or standards have been developed to support information processing in RIS and to enhance compatibility and interoperability of different systems. The following table presents a mapping of the basic data model of the CERIF standard (short for Common European Research Information Format). The RCD standard aims to harmonize the reporting of research information in the German science system. CERIF is a voluntary standard model for the storage, management and exchange of research information and recommended by euroCRIS to be implemented in the development and use of Current Research Information Systems (CRIS) [1]. The following mapping specifies, which elements of the RCD basic data model are also part of CERIF. The mapping is intended to illustrate the structure and content of the RCD data model as well as to highlight differences and similarities between the two approaches. The data models of the RCD and CERIF have not yet been mapped previously except for preliminary results of the mapping produced by the research project for the specification of the RCD [2],[3]. Both CERIF and the RCD have been mapped each to the data model of the open source research information system VIVO [4],[5]. The following procedure has been employed: The mapping is based on a manual comparison of equivalence relationships between core entities and attributes of the respective Entity Relationship Models (ERM) of both standard specifications.
Overall, CERIF is much more extensive than the RCD. CERIF is a very extensive data model and contains a much larger number of time-stamped entities, related attributes and relationships compared to the RCD (see below the table of model metrics for illustration). In contrast, the focus of RCD lies on an aggregated presentation of research information for reporting from the perspective of the reporting institution. The strong focus on the reporting perspective also predetermines the temporal dimensions of the collected basic elements. Summing up the major results of the mapping, it can be concluded that a large part of the basic elements mentioned in the RCD is available in CERIF. However, the areas of structured doctoral program and spin-offs are not modeled in CERIF. The results of the mapping are also discussed in a recent manuscript. The mapping created is aimed at technical experts (e.g. developers of RIS) who deal with the topic.
CERIF and RCD model metrics
Due to the construction logic of the RCD based on the economy of data and the focus on a small set of versatile core data to be collected and reported for all German HEI and non-university research institutions, the number of entities of the RCD data model is much smaller compared to CERIF. In the RCD data model, attributes are related to these entities. As opposed to this, the CERIF data model also allows for attributes to be expressed via relations as contained in link entities. The number of classification schemes used in CERIF is optional and can be extended as part of the flexible semantic layer of CERIF. Contrary to this, the RCD data model relies on a smaller fixed set of standardized classification schemes.
| Comparison conditions: | Elements are included in RCD and CERIF | Elements are in RCD, not in CERIF |
| Area: | Person (person) |
| RCD Attribute | Entity | Mapping with CERIF | |||||
| Altersgruppe (age group) | person | not modeled | |||||
| Geburtsdatum (birthdate) | person | cfPers.cfBirthdate | |||||
| Geschlecht (gender) | person | cfPers.cfGender | |||||
| Name (name) | person | cfPersName_Pers, cfPersName | |||||
| Staatsangehörigkeit (citizenship) | person | cfPers_Country | |||||
| hat Promotionsberechtigung aus (has doctoral eligibility from) | person | cfPers_Country | |||||
| Qualifikation (qualification) | employee | cfPers_Qual, cfQualTitle | |||||
| Besoldung (salary) | professors | not modeled | |||||
| Bezeichnung der Professur (professorial title) | professors | not modeled | |||||
| Gemeinsame Berufung (joint appointment) | professors | not modeled | |||||
| Abschlusszeitpunkt (completion date) | qualification procedure | not modeled | |||||
| Altersgruppe bei Abschluss (age group at graduation) | qualification procedure | not modeled | |||||
| Kooperationspartner bei kooperativer Promotion (cooperation partner in cooperative doctorate) | doctoral candidate | not modeled | |||||
| Start der Promotion - titelvergebende Einrichtungen (start of the doctorate - institution awarding the title) | doctoral candidate | not modeled | |||||
| Start der Promotion - nicht titelvergebende Einrichtungen (start of the doctorate - non-title awarding institution) | doctoral candidate | not modeled | |||||
| Zeitpunkt des Abschlusses des Promotionsverfahrens (time of completion of the doctoral procedure) | doctoral candidate | not modeled | |||||
| hat Organisationseinheit (has organizational unit) | person | cfPers_OrgUnit | |||||
| hat Qualifikationsverfahren (has qualification procedure) | person | not modeled | |||||
| hat Beschäftigung (has employment) | employee | not modeled | |||||
| hat Befristung (has limited term contract) | employement | not modeled | |||||
| hat Fach (has discipline) | employement | not modeled | |||||
| hat Finanzierungsform (has form of financing) | employement | not modeled | |||||
| hat Forschungsfeld (has research field) | employement | not modeled | |||||
| hat Personalkategorie (has staff category) | employement | not modeled | |||||
| hat Tätigkeitsart (has type of work) | employement | not modeled | |||||
| hat Bezeichnung (has name) | professors | not modeled | |||||
| hat gemeinsame Berufung (has joint appointment) | professors | not modeled | |||||
| hat Erstbetreuer (has supervisor) | doctoral candidate | not modeled | |||||
| hat Kooperationspartner (has cooperation partner) | doctoral candidate | not modeled | |||||
| hat Strukturiertes Promotionsprogramm (has structured doctoral program) | doctoral candidate | not modeled |
| Area: | Drittmittelprojekt (third-party funded project) |
| RCD Attribute | Entity | Mapping with CERIF | |||||
| Bewilligungssumme (amount of funding) | third-party funded project | cfProj_Fund::cfAmount | |||||
| Drittmitteleinnahmen (third-party funding simple entry accountancy) | third-party funded project | not modeled | |||||
| Drittmittelerträge (third-party funding double entry accountancy) | third-party funded project | not modeled | |||||
| Förderkennzeichen (grant number) | third-party funded project | not modeled | |||||
| Koordinationsrolle (coordinating role) | third-party funded project | not modeled | |||||
| KoordinatorEinrichtung (coordinating institution) | third-party funded project | cfProj_OrgUnit | |||||
| Projektbeginn (start of project) | third-party funded project | cfProj.cfStartDate | |||||
| Projektende (end of project) | third-party funded project | cfProj.cfEndDate | |||||
| Titel des Projekts (title of project) | third-party funded project | cfProjTitle | |||||
| hat Fach (has discipline) | third-party funded project | cfProj_Class* | |||||
| hat Forschungsfeld (has research field) | third-party funded project | cfProj_Class* | |||||
| hat Mittelgeber (has type of funder) | third-party funded project | cfProj_Class* | |||||
| hat Organisationseinheit (has organizational unit) | third-party funded project | cfProj_cfOrgUnit | |||||
| hat übergeordnetes Projekt (has superordinate project) | third-party funded project | cfProj_Proj |
| Area: | Strukturiertes Promotionsprogramm (structured doctoral program) |
| RCD Attribute | Entity | Mapping with CERIF | ||||
| Beteiligte Institutionen (participating institutions) | structured doctoral program | not modeled | ||||
| Länder der beteiligten Institutionen (country of participating institutions) | structured doctoral program | not modeled | ||||
| Titel des Promotionsprogramms (title of doctoral program) | structured doctoral program | not modeled | ||||
| hat Fach (has discipline) | structured doctoral program | not modeled | ||||
| hat Finanzierungsform (has form of financing) | structured doctoral program | not modeled | ||||
| hat Forschungsfeld (has research field) | structured doctoral program | not modeled | ||||
| hat Organisationseinheit (has organizational unit) | structured doctoral program | not modeled | ||||
| hat Sprecher (has speaker) | structured doctoral program | not modeled | ||||
| hat laufende Promotion (has ongoing doctorate) | structured doctoral program | not modeled |
| Area: | Patent (patent) |
| RCD Attribute | Entity | Mapping with CERIF | ||||
| Datum der prioritätsbegründenden Erstanmeldung (date of first priority application) | patent | cfResPat.cfRegistrDate | ||||
| Titel des Patents (title of patent) | patent | cfResPatTitle | ||||
| Veröffentlichungsnummer (publication number) | patent | cfResPat.cfPatentNum | ||||
| Anzahl der Patentfamilien (number of patent families) | patent | not modeled | ||||
| Datum der erteilten Patente (date of granted patents) | patent | cfResPat.cfApprovDate | ||||
| hat Erfinder (has inventor) | patent | cfPers_ResPat | ||||
| hat Fach (has discipline) | patent | cfResPat_Class* | ||||
| hat Forschungsfeld (has research field) | patent | cfResPat_Class* | ||||
| hat Organisationseinheit (has organizational unit) | patent | cfOrgUnit_ResPat |
| Area: | Ausgründung (spin-off) |
| RCD Attribute | Entity | Mapping with CERIF | ||||
| Name der Ausgründung (name of spin-off) | spin-off | not modeled | ||||
| Datum der Ausgründung (date of spin-off) | spin-off | not modeled | ||||
| hat Fach (has discipline) | spin-off | not modeled | ||||
| hat Forschungsfeld (has research field) | spin-off | not modeled | ||||
| hat Organisationseinheit (has organizational unit) | spin-off | not modeled |
| Area: | Publikation (publication) |
| RCD Attribute | Entity | Mapping mit CERIF | ||||
| Förderer (funding organisation of publication) | publication | not modeled | ||||
| Förderkennzeichen (grant number of publication) | publication | not modeled | ||||
| Identifier (identifier) | publication | cfFedId, cfFedId_Class*, cfDCResourceIdentifier** | ||||
| ist Peer Reviewed (is peer-reviewed) | publication | cfResPubl_Class* | ||||
| Ressource (resource) | publication | cfDCResourceType** | ||||
| Sprachcode (language code) | publication | cfDCLanguage** | ||||
| Titel der Publikation (title of publication) | publication | cfResPublTitle | ||||
| Veröffentlichungsjahr (publication year) | publication | cfResPubl.cfResPublDate | ||||
| Zugangsrechte (access rights) | publication | cfDCRightsMMAccessRights** | ||||
| hat Dokumenttyp (has document type) | publication | cfResPubl_Class* | ||||
| hat Name der Quelle (has name of source) | publication | not modeled | ||||
| hat Fach (has discipline) | publication | cfResPubl_Class* | ||||
| hat Format (has format) | publication | cfResPubl_Event, cfEvent_Class*, cfResPubl.cfVol, cfResPubl.cfIssue, cfResPubl.cfStartPage, cfResPubl.cfEndPage | ||||
| hat Forschungsfeld (has research field) | publication | cfResPubl_Class* | ||||
| hat Organisationseinheit (has organizational unit) | publication | cfOrgUnit_ResPubl | ||||
| hat Publikationstyp (has publication type) | publication | cfResPubl_Class* | ||||
| hat Qualifikationsschrift (has thesis) | publication | cfResPubl_Class* | ||||
| hat Schöpfer (has creator) | publication | cfPers_ResPubl | ||||
| hat Unterstützung durch (has support by) | publication | not modeled | ||||
| hat Forschungsinfrastruktur (has research infrastructure) | publication | cfResPubl_Equip | ||||
| hat Verlag (has publisher) | publication | cfOrgUnit_ResPubl |
| Area: | Forschungsinfrastruktur (research infrastructure) |
| RCD Attribute | Entity | Mapping with CERIF | ||||
| Beschreibung der Forschungsinfrastruktur (description of research infrastructure) | research infrastructure | cfEquipDescr | ||||
| Bezeichnung der Forschungsinfrastruktur (name of research infrastructure) | research infrastructure | cfEquipName | ||||
| hat Art der Forschungsinfrastruktur (has kind of research infrastructure) | research infrastructure | cfEquip_Class* | ||||
| hat Betreiber (has operator) | research infrastructure | cfOrgUnit_Equip | ||||
| hat Organisationseinheit (has organizational unit) | research infrastructure | cfOrgUnit_Equip | ||||
| hat Betriebspersonal (has operating staff) | research infrastructure | cfPers_Equip | ||||
| hat Koordinator (has coordinator) | research infrastructure | cfOrgUnit_Equip | ||||
| hat Nutzung / Nutzungsintensität (has use intensity) | research infrastructure | not modeled | ||||
| hat Publikation (has publication) | research infrastructure | cfResPubl_Equip | ||||
| hat Typ der Forschungsinfrastruktur (has type of research infrastructure) | research infrastructure | cfEquip_Class* | ||||
| hat Zugangsart (has type of access) | research infrastructure | cfEquip_Class* |
Hints:
The RCD basic data model includes the definition of objects as well as their attributes (object-specific attributes) and relationships with one another (linkage and assignment attributes, e.g. "has ...").
* In CERIF version 1.6, this linking entity is used to store different classification schemes and terms. The CERIF classification scheme is available as an Excel file in version 1.5.
** In CERIF version 1.6, the complete Dublin Core part is deprecated; the concept of federated identifier should be used instead.
References:
[1] Simons, E. (2014). EuroCRIS and CERIF. The Importance of an International Standard Metadata Model for Research Information. SK-CRIS Event (CVTI SR, Bratislava, Apr 2nd, 2014), Bratislava.
[2] Institut für Forschungsinformation und Qualitätssicherung et al. (2015). Ergebnisbericht zum Projekt "Kerndatensatz Forschung", Berlin, 13.10.2015.
[3] Quix, C., Riechert, M. (2017). Modelling national research information contexts based on CERIF. Procedia Computer Science, 106, 253-259.
[4] Lezcano, L., Jörg, B., Lowe, B., & Corson-Rikert, J. (2013). Promoting International Interoperability of Research Information Systems: VIVO and CERIF. J. UCS, 19(12), 1854-1867.
[5] Walther, T., Hauschke, C., & Kasprzik, A. (2019). The Research Core Dataset (KDSF) in the Linked Data context. Procedia Computer Science, 146, 29-38.
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